TEST-1 Review
Fall 2011
1.
History of Computers
a. First Generation:
Vacuum tubes, huge in size, around 1943
b. Second Generation:
Transistors, around 1953, smaller, faster, more
reliable
c. Third Generation:
Integrated Circuits, around 1959, more and more small, fast,
reliable
d. Fourth Generation: Ted Hoff of Intel Corp. invented Micro Processor, a single computer chip, in 1969.
This started personal/home computers with Apple-II (first personal
computer) in 1976, IBM PC in 1981 and
Mackintosh in 1984.
e. WWW: Invented by Tim Berners Lee of CERN in Europe, in
1990
Standard
language: HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
Browsers:
Mediator (Between clients and servers)
MS Internet
Explorer, Netscape Navigator, Mozilla Firefox, Safari
(Apple)
2.
Basic components of the windows 7 including
Desktop (the basic interface of the operating system, containing Icons,
Taskbar and Gadgets)
Shortcut
Menu has options such as View, Sort By, Refresh, Screen Resolution, Gadgets and
Personalize which lets
you
select/adjust each of four features:
·
Desktop
Background
·
Windows
Color
·
Sounds
·
Screen
saver which covers your screen and appears when your compute is idle for a set
period of time.
Taskbar (the horizontal bar that contains the Start Button, pinned programs and minimized “open” windows
in
letting you to move among open windows and providing access to system resources.
It
can be moved to top, left or right)
Icons: Represent folders or application programs like Internet Explorer.
Gadgets (optional) are actually mini-applications for such tasks as
checking the weather or viewing a stock ticker or
Feeds for breaking news.
3.
Windows Explorer (MS Logo key and E-key or Shortcut menu on some folders
but not on files).
Folders Pane (Navigation Pane), Content Pane, Preview
Pane and Details Pane.
4.
Internet Explorer
Title Bar: Shortcut: Menu Bar, Favorites Bar, Command
Bar
Menu Bar: File, Edit, View,
Favorites, Tools, Help
Command Bar: Home, Feeds, Read Mail, Print, Page, Safety,
Tools
5.
Word basic components:
File Tab (New,
Open, Save, Save As, Print, Info, Recent, Help, Share, Options, Close)
Options:
General, Display, Proofing, Save, Customize Ribbon, Quick Access Toolbar, and
Trust Center
a.
General: Show
Mini Toolbar, Enable Live Preview, Screen Tip Style (Showing feature
description)
b.
Display: Show
white space, highlight marks, document tooltips on
hover and formatting marks on screen.
c.
Proofing:
·
Check spelling
as you type
·
Mark grammar
errors as you type
·
Check grammar
with spelling
·
AutoCorrect
Options
d.
Save:
·
Save AutoRecover information
·
Keep the last
autosaved version if I close without
saving
·
Specify AutoRecover file location
Quick Access
Toolbar (Typically, Save, New, Open, Undo, Redo, Spelling/Grammar)
Title bar and
Status Bar
View buttons
(Print Layout (Default), Full Screen Reading, Web Layout, Outline,
Draft)
Home Tab
(Clipboard, Font, Paragraph, Styles, Editing)
Insert Tab
(Pages, Tables, Illustrations, Links, Header&Footer, Text, Symbol)
Page Layout Tab
(Themes, Page Setup, Page Background, Paragraph, Arrange)
View Tab
(Document Views, Show with Ruler and Navigation Pane, Zoom, Window,
Macros)
Review Tab
(Proofing with Spelling&Grammar and Thesaurus
Commands, Languages, Comments, Tracking,
Changes,
Compare, Protect)
Other tabs:
References, Mailings.
6.
Five Views
·
Print Layout:
Closely resembles the printed document and displays top/bottom margins,
headers/footers, page numbers, graphics and multiple columns that do not appear
in other views. Most helpful in editing headers and footers and adjusting
margins and layouts. (Default)
·
Full Screen
Reading: Hides the Ribbon and displays two pages on the screen, making it easy
to read the document. Multiple columns are not shown and need to be closed,
though.
·
Draft: Creates a
simple area in which to work, removes white space and some document elements
such as
headers/footers, multiple columns, page numbers and graphics, but
leaves page breaks and the Ribbons.
·
Outline:
Structured view of the document that can be expanded or collapsed. Most useful
when you use different styles for different types of headings in the
document.
·
Web Layout: Used
when creating a web page. Displays all backgrounds, drawing objects and graphics
as they appear on-screen but does not show page edges, margins or headers and
footers.
7.
Formatting:
·
Character
formatting: fond, font size, font color, font style, effects, shading, text
highlighting
·
Paragraph
formatting: Indent, tabs, alignments, line spacing,
borders/shading, pagination, columns, and bulleted/numbered
lists.
·
Section
formatting: Margins, columns, page
numbering, page breaks, orientation.
8.
Pagination:
·
Widow/Orphan
control: Widow (Last line of a paragraph to appear by itself at top of a page),
Orphan (first line of a paragraph to appear at bottom of a page by
itself)
·
Keep with next:
Preventing a soft page break from occurring between two paragraphs like a
Heading and its text body.
·
Keep lines
together: Preventing a soft page break from occurring within a
paragraph.
·
Page break
before: Forcing a page break before a paragraph.
9.
Scientific Calculator (More functions) and Standard
Calculator
Available inside “Accessories” Program folder
Buttons: MS, MR, MC, ∑x (for
Sum), Ō (for Average), sn
(for Biased
S.D),
sn-1(for Unbiased
S.D)
Unbiased S.D. > Biased S. D.
Hourly US Population: About +300
Hourly world population: about +9500
10.
Shortcut keys:
CTRL-A: selecting entire file/document (including tables and
texts)
Triple-clicking: selecting a paragraph
CTRL key while clicking in the sentence to select: selecting a
sentence.
Double-clicking: selecting a word.
Shift-Home: selecting the prefix of the current
line
Shift-End: selecting the suffix of the current line including the current
character.
CTRL-O: Open
CTRL-N: New
CTRL-Home: Beginning of document
CTRL-End: End of document
CTRL-Z: Cancel or undo CTRL-Y: Redo
CTRL-X: Cut
CTRL-C: Copy
CTRL-P: Print
CTRL-V: Paste
CTRL-D: Font Dialog Box (or Add to favorites in IE)
CTRL-S: Save
CTRL-SHIFT-Hyphen: Non-breaking hyphen
CTRL-L: Left align
CTRL-R: Right Align
CTRL-E: Center align
CTRL-J:
Justifying
CTRL-F: Find
CTRL-H: Find and Replace
CTRL-W: Close Word document CTRL-B: Bold
CTRL-I: Italic
CTRL-U: Underline
CTRL-+: Subscript
CTRL-Shift-+: Superscript
F1: Help
F7: Spelling and Grammar
Shift-F7: Thesaurus
CTRL-Shift->: Grow Font
CTRL-Shift-<: Shrink Font
11.
Word tables: Max size: 63 columns and 32000+ rows.(32767)
Only rows can be sorted using up to three sorting keys, each either
ascending or descending.
Can be either inserted from scratch or copied from other places like web
pages.
Either way,
table styles can be selected from a gallery of predefined styles available
when Design Tab is
clicked.