TEST-1 Review                      Fall 2011

 

1.             History of Computers

                a. First Generation:               Vacuum tubes, huge in size, around 1943

                b. Second Generation:         Transistors, around 1953, smaller, faster, more reliable

                c. Third Generation:             Integrated Circuits, around 1959, more and more small, fast, reliable

              d.   Fourth Generation:           Ted Hoff of Intel Corp. invented Micro Processor, a single computer chip, in 1969.

                    This started personal/home computers with Apple-II (first personal computer) in 1976, IBM PC in 1981 and

                    Mackintosh in 1984.

 

                e. WWW: Invented by Tim Berners Lee of CERN in Europe, in 1990

                                    Standard language: HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)

                                    Browsers: Mediator (Between clients and servers)

                                    MS Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator, Mozilla Firefox, Safari (Apple)

2.             Basic components of the windows 7 including

                Desktop (the basic interface of the operating system, containing Icons, Taskbar and Gadgets)

Shortcut Menu has options such as View, Sort By, Refresh, Screen Resolution, Gadgets and Personalize which lets

you select/adjust each of four features:

·      Desktop Background

·      Windows Color

·      Sounds

·      Screen saver which covers your screen and appears when your compute is idle for a set period of time.

                Taskbar (the horizontal bar that contains the Start Button, pinned programs and minimized “open” windows

in letting you to move among open windows and providing access to system resources.

It can be moved to top, left or right)

                Icons: Represent folders or application programs like Internet Explorer.

                Gadgets (optional) are actually mini-applications for such tasks as checking the weather or viewing a stock ticker or

                Feeds for breaking news.

3.             Windows Explorer (MS Logo key and E-key or Shortcut menu on some folders but not on files).

                Folders Pane (Navigation Pane), Content Pane, Preview Pane and Details Pane.

4.             Internet Explorer

                Title Bar: Shortcut: Menu Bar, Favorites Bar, Command Bar

                Menu Bar:  File, Edit, View, Favorites, Tools, Help

                Command Bar: Home, Feeds, Read Mail, Print, Page, Safety, Tools

              5.               Word basic components:

File Tab (New, Open, Save, Save As, Print, Info, Recent, Help, Share, Options, Close)

Options: General, Display, Proofing, Save, Customize Ribbon, Quick Access Toolbar, and Trust Center

a.        General: Show Mini Toolbar, Enable Live Preview, Screen Tip Style (Showing feature description)

b.       Display: Show white space, highlight marks, document tooltips on hover and formatting marks on screen.

c.        Proofing: 

·         Check spelling as you type

·         Mark grammar errors as you type

·         Check grammar with spelling

·         AutoCorrect Options

d.       Save:

·         Save AutoRecover information

·         Keep the last autosaved version if I close without saving

·         Specify AutoRecover file location

Quick Access Toolbar (Typically, Save, New, Open, Undo, Redo, Spelling/Grammar) 

Title bar and Status Bar

View buttons (Print Layout (Default), Full Screen Reading, Web Layout, Outline, Draft)

Home Tab (Clipboard, Font, Paragraph, Styles, Editing)

Insert Tab (Pages, Tables, Illustrations, Links, Header&Footer, Text, Symbol)

Page Layout Tab (Themes, Page Setup, Page Background, Paragraph, Arrange)

View Tab (Document Views, Show with Ruler and Navigation Pane, Zoom, Window, Macros)

Review Tab (Proofing with Spelling&Grammar and Thesaurus Commands, Languages, Comments, Tracking,

Changes, Compare, Protect)

Other tabs: References, Mailings.

6.             Five Views

·        Print Layout: Closely resembles the printed document and displays top/bottom margins, headers/footers, page numbers, graphics and multiple columns that do not appear in other views. Most helpful in editing headers and footers and adjusting margins and layouts. (Default)

·        Full Screen Reading: Hides the Ribbon and displays two pages on the screen, making it easy to read the document. Multiple columns are not shown and need to be closed, though.

·        Draft: Creates a simple area in which to work, removes white space and some document elements such as  headers/footers, multiple columns, page numbers and graphics, but leaves page breaks and the Ribbons. 

·        Outline: Structured view of the document that can be expanded or collapsed. Most useful when you use different styles for different types of headings in the document.

·        Web Layout: Used when creating a web page. Displays all backgrounds, drawing objects and graphics as they appear on-screen but does not show page edges, margins or headers and footers.

7.             Formatting:

·         Character formatting: fond, font size, font color, font style, effects, shading, text highlighting

·         Paragraph formatting: Indent, tabs, alignments, line spacing, borders/shading, pagination, columns, and bulleted/numbered lists.

·         Section formatting:  Margins, columns, page numbering, page breaks, orientation.

8.             Pagination:

·         Widow/Orphan control: Widow (Last line of a paragraph to appear by itself at top of a page), Orphan (first line of a paragraph to appear at bottom of a page by itself)

·         Keep with next: Preventing a soft page break from occurring between two paragraphs like a Heading and its text body.

·         Keep lines together: Preventing a soft page break from occurring within a paragraph.

·         Page break before: Forcing a page break before a paragraph.

 

9.             Scientific Calculator (More functions) and Standard Calculator

                Available inside “Accessories” Program folder

                Buttons:  MS, MR, MC, ∑x (for Sum), Ō (for Average), sn (for Biased S.D),  sn-1(for Unbiased S.D)

                Unbiased S.D. > Biased S. D.

                Hourly US Population: About +300

                Hourly world population: about +9500

10.           Shortcut keys:

                CTRL-A: selecting entire file/document (including tables and texts)

                Triple-clicking: selecting a paragraph

                CTRL key while clicking in the sentence to select: selecting a sentence.

                Double-clicking: selecting a word.

                Shift-Home: selecting the prefix of the current line

                Shift-End: selecting the suffix of the current line including the current character.

                CTRL-O: Open                                      CTRL-N: New                       CTRL-Home: Beginning of document

                CTRL-End: End of document             CTRL-Z: Cancel or undo     CTRL-Y: Redo                     

CTRL-X: Cut                                         CTRL-C: Copy                      CTRL-P: Print

                CTRL-V: Paste                                      CTRL-D: Font Dialog Box (or Add to favorites in IE)

                CTRL-S: Save                                       CTRL-SHIFT-Hyphen: Non-breaking hyphen

                CTRL-L: Left align                               CTRL-R: Right Align           CTRL-E: Center align                          

CTRL-J: Justifying                               CTRL-F: Find                        CTRL-H: Find and Replace

                CTRL-W: Close Word document      CTRL-B: Bold                       CTRL-I: Italic

                CTRL-U: Underline                              CTRL-+: Subscript               CTRL-Shift-+: Superscript 

                F1: Help                                                 F7: Spelling and Grammar   Shift-F7: Thesaurus

                CTRL-Shift->: Grow Font                    CTRL-Shift-<: Shrink Font

 

11.           Word tables: Max size: 63 columns and 32000+ rows.(32767)

                Only rows can be sorted using up to three sorting keys, each either ascending or descending.

                Can be either inserted from scratch or copied from other places like web pages.

Either way, table styles can be selected from a gallery of predefined styles available

when Design Tab is clicked.